However, there is another proposed explanation which I will cover along with the micrographs below. Yojimbo™ 2 G-10 Brown Black Blade CPM S90V Exclusive. Para Military™ 2 G-10 Dark Gray Maxamet. Contrary to some information available out there, cobalt does not improve toughness or corrosion resistance. Therefore I would expect SPY27 to have toughness at least as good as S35VN and probably better, but that would have to be confirmed experimentally. How is it related to MAXAMET ?vObviously I understand it is not as hard but what about the overall quality? Condition is Used. Niobium carbide is very hard, similar in hardness to vanadium carbide, so it makes a significant contribution to wear resistance. The vanadium was reduced to 2% relative to S35VN. In the previous SPY27 article I said, “I would expect SPY27 to have toughness at least as good as S35VN and probably better, but that would have to be confirmed experimentally.” I tested toughness by austenitizing the steel at 2000 or 2050°F and then tempering at 400°F. Below shows heat treatments using liquid nitrogen with S35VN which resulted in relatively similar hardness to the experiments with SPY27 shown above: In the previous SPY27 article I predicted that it would have “similar corrosion resistance to S30V and S35VN.” I used my previously described corrosion resistance test of SPY27 along with S30V and 420HC. CPM S30V 10.0 ft. lbs. Sale Price: $122.50. Exhibiting very good edge retention, corrosion resistance, and sharpenability, S30V is utilized by a variety of makers for its performance and balance. Some more information on nitrogen additions to these types of PM stainless steels can be found in this article on S45VN. MSRP: $180.00. Martensitic is a specific type of stainless steel alloy. Posted by. SPY27 and S30V have “good” or “above average” corrosion resistance but cannot match 420HC. You can see more ratings in the corrosion resistance article I linked to above. $217.95. Para Military™ 2 Left Hand G-10 Black. Become a patron and gain access to awesome rewards including early access to articles or a Knife Steel Nerds mug! It may be that those larger clusters are the limiting factor for toughness. I am looking forward to seeing how this steel compares to others once we get some real-world feedback from users. I’ll probably give it a go in the LW para 3 platform. S35VN – 1975°F. The Para 3 Lightweight and Manix 2 Lightweight will be the first two models to feature CPM SPY27 blade steel. As I said in the article, “I am probably unlikely to get flatstock for experiments due to the steel being exclusive to Spyderco.” However, after publishing I was contacted by Niagara Specialty Metals (company that hot rolls Crucible steels) and Spyderco offering me some steel for experiments. The toughness is probably a bit better than S35VN. After quenching, one third of the specimens were left at room temperature, another third of the specimens were placed in my freezer (a normal household basement variety), and the final third were placed in liquid nitrogen for a cryo treatment. CPM SPY27 Steel. Awesome work, Larrin! CPM S30V Stainless Steel Precision Ground. I have a new CATRA edge retention testing machine. 5 months ago. [1] https://catalog.spyderco.com/Reveal4/?page=10, [2] https://forum.spyderco.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=85769, [3] https://www.spyderco.com/edge-u-cation/steel-chart/. In the article on cobalt additions I wrote, I noted that cobalt additions to high speed steels have been known to reduce toughness which may mean that even if the toughness was improved due to reduced carbide, it may be that the cobalt addition reduced toughness back down to the level of S35VN. OUT OF STOCK. The ease or difficulty in burr removal would be more based on the heat treatment, particularly when it comes to retained austenite, as lower retained austenite makes burr removal easier. Thank you for the article Larrin. Unfortunately, I am probably unlikely to get flatstock for experiments due to the steel being exclusive to Spyderco. You can read those experiments here. By Larry Connelley When looking at quality American-made knives, you'll notice that S35VN and S30V steel are two of the more popular steels for knife blades. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. You can also see that the trend for this class of steels is to have improved toughness with higher hardening temperatures, at least up to 2050°F. I may have to do some more corrosion testing and modify the ratings. Employ especially on knives, its abilities to retain edge sharpness and resist rust are superb. The steel is capable of relatively high hardness, reaching over 65 Rc “as-quenched” before tempering, and nearly 64 Rc even without a cold treatment. Though it should be a little easier to abrade away steel because of the lower chromium carbide content (M7C3). And it gives everyone else a chance to see whether I am any good at predicting properties of steel based on composition. Although the longitudinal toughness for all three of these grades is about 25-28 ft. For a while CPM-S30V was the top of the line steel. 2.8% of Carbon: It improves hardness and wear/corrosion resistance, but a high amount of it decreases strength. Maxamet is a non-stainless high speed steel capable of high hardness. I will be posting results as they come in to Patreon and articles summarizing the tests will come later to this website. Both S30V and S35VN steel are made with the same carbon and chrome content, and from various tests, both steels provide the same edge retention and corrosion resistance. However, we can look at the composition and make some educated guesses on its performance which I will do below. You can read about edge retention and predicting it based on carbide content and hardness here. Para Military™ 2 G-10 Digital Camo/Black Blade. Your email address will not be published. All of these specimens included a cryo treatment after quenching before tempering. CPM SPY27 is a steel produced by Crucible exclusively for Spyderco. I expected the toughness to be better because of the reduced carbon and carbide content when compared with S35VN. Your email address will not be published. Metallurgy and Testing of Knives and Steel. I got a question about the toughness of CPM154 in your chart. The S35VN or CPM S35V is a high-end martensitic stainless steel made by @Crucible, high in Carbon, Vanadium, and chromium designed to offer a great balance between toughness, hardness and corrosion resistance.It’s used in long-wearing Specialty cutlery, Plastic Injection and Extrusion Feed Screws and Dies, Wear Components for Food and Chemical Processing, and of course in the Knife Industry. Made from CPM-S30V particle metallurgy stainless steel, the blade is robust with a razor sharp and reliably tough edge. Spyderco: Native 5 Lightweight - Cobalt Blue FRN - Lockback - CPM-SPY27 - C41PCBL5. ... SPY27 supposedly will be more like S30V/S35Vn. The austenitizing temperatures were 1950, 2000, 2050, and 2100°F. S35VN had a somewhat reduced vanadium content (3%) in combination with 0.5% niobium. CPM-S30V. Native® 5 FRN CPM® SPY27™ ... Para Military™ 2 G-10 Dark Blue CPM S110V. Nash, Matt Collingwood, Noah Cowan, James Pierce, and Jay Caponetti for becoming Knife Steel Nerds Patreon supporters! Free shipping . Experimental results of SPY27 line up well with the previously provided predictions. So far only two stainless steels have failed this test, XHP and ZDP-189. Yojimbo™ 2 Carbon Fiber CPM 20CV Exclusive. $104.95. I took micrographs of the steel that tested for toughness, which means the heat treatments were 2000 or 2050°F austenitize, plate quench, cryo, and tempered at 400°F. Based on the predicted alloy in solution for SPY27 it should have similar corrosion resistance to S30V and S35VN. S30V is, in many eyes, the ultimate EDC steel. In the article on S45VN, I found that austenitizing at 2000°F led to a finer microstructure than 1950°F. It may be that those larger clusters are the limiting factor for toughness. I estimated edge retention for a hardness of 61 Rc. I heat treated coupons of SPY27 by wrapping the steel in stainless foil to protect against scale and decarburization. 154CM 2.5 ft. lbs. If you want to see tests as they are completed come join us on Patreon. Exclusive Steel: Spyderco Native 5 With SPY27 Knife Review – Now Reviews Hub, Exclusive Steel: Spyderco Native 5 With SPY27 Knife Review | GearJunkie - GARDEN OUTDOOR PRESS, Exclusive Steel: Spyderco Native 5 With SPY27 Knife Review – Nowhere Bound Company. I will have an article on it hopefully in a couple weeks. Made by @Crucible CPM 20CV is a martensitic stainless steel high in Vanadium, Chromium, and Carbon for excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, it’s used for plastic injection feed screws, barrel liners, screw tips, mold cavities, and premium Knives.. There are a couple studies that found a cobalt addition leading to slightly worse corrosion resistance but I’m not sure if this SPY27 study is conclusive enough to confirm that. Required fields are marked *. CPM SPY27 steel. Here’s what Buck Knives says about S30V: “We consider this the absolute best blade steel available, and it is made in America.” The carbon content is of SPY27 is balanced to result in a similar hardness to S35VN, S30V, and S45VN, as indicated by carbon in solution estimates from Thermo-Calc: Therefore we would expect the steel to reach a similar hardness to those other CPM stainless steels. I then refinished them and started the 1% saltwater test which was 48 hours long. Required fields are marked *. Being a little bigger than the Para 3 and utilizing the strong ball bearing locking mechanism and light weight FRCP handles this is sure to be a great knife. You can see my corrosion resistance rating in the table below: This is a pretty decent corrosion resistance, similar to Elmax (7.8), but is below steels like S45VN (8.4), M390 (9.1), and Vanax (10). The steel has the same Cr and Mo content as S30V and S35VN. The S30V sample I tested was austenitized at 2000°F and tempered at 500°F. Para Military™ 2 G-10 Digital Camo. Chris Reeve is famous for developing two steels directly with Crucible Industries, and boy did this partnership result in an awesome product. However, I think the toughness of S30V could be further improved with better heat treating, if we use what we learned with heat treating S35VN, S45VN, and SPY27. I compared the toughness results with S30V, S35VN, and S45VN. The Cr and Mo addition provides corrosion resistance, hardenability, and secondary hardening. Quick View Thickness. The microstructure confirms somewhat reduced carbide content relative to S35VN, S30V, and S45VN. The edge retention is likely a small step down from S35VN. A further modification was made to S30V which became S35VN released in 2009. 18. In my ratings of knife steel corrosion resistance, 420HC was rated similarly to S30V. The Nb content was bumped up to 1% from the 0.5% of S35VN and S45VN which will of course increase the amount of niobium carbide. The edge retention of SPY27 is expected to be a bit below S35VN, similar to Super Gold 2, though higher than steels like VG10, 440C, and CPM-154. So we can understand more the Steel, let’s see its chemical composition. The toughness ended up being slightly less than S35VN though at slightly higher hardness so in the end the toughness is equal. It may be that the reduced carbon content when compared with S35VN leads to superior toughness. The steel is reportedly exclusive to Spyderco. The MC carbides are harder than most common abrasives apart from diamond and CBN, so lower MC content leads to easier sharpenability. This change led to a finer carbide structure and better toughness and machinability than S30V at the cost of a small reduction in edge retention. Here is a chart of other steels to compare with S35VN: With similar MC carbide content (NbC + VC) to S35VN and S45VN, SPY27 which be expected to sharpen similar to those two steels. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The more steels and heat treatments we have added to the toughness chart the more that value of CPM-154 has looked out of place. It may be that without reducing the chromium carbide content to much lower levels that the toughness remains limited to about 10-12 ft-lbs as is seen with many of these stainless PM steels like Elmax, M390, CPM-154, S35VN, S30V, SG2, etc. $265.00. Originally developed by both Chris Reeve (a world renowned knife maker) and Dick Barber of Crucible Industries, S30V is a martensitic powder-made stainless steel. $216.00. previously described corrosion resistance test, cobalt addition leading to slightly worse corrosion resistance. The cobalt addition increases secondary hardening when tempering in the upper temperature range, which I have written about previously here and here. This provides the steel good flexibility, offering easy heat treatment to 60 Rc with commercial heat treating and also higher levels if desired. I then tempered specimens twice for two hours each time at 300, 400, and 600°F and plotted out the resulting hardness. This is a lucky opportunity since it gives me the chance to see what the properties of the steel really are. The steel appears to be relatively well balanced and should do well for Spyderco. Your email address will not be published. However, as seen in the micrograph the “carbide clusters” in SPY27 are similar in size to the other steels. Austenitizing at a higher temperature means more chromium carbide is dissolved putting more chromium “in solution” to contribute to corrosion resistance. A 300°F temper is usually the minimum temperature I recommend while 400°F usually gives a good balance of hardness and toughness. I used carbide contents from Thermo-Calc to estimate CATRA edge retention relative to 440C at 58 Rc (100%). The Para 3 is Spyderco’s response to a public demand for a more compact, lightweight, and easily concealed military style blade. Has been sharpened once and will come razor sharp ... Spyderco Para Millie 2 Liner Lock Knife Black G-10 & CPM-S30V C81GP2. Spyderco 2020 Reveal(CPM S45VN, REX45, CPM SPY27 steels) Close. SPY27, S30V, and 420HC all passed without corrosion after 4 days. I'm curious about that Spy27 steel and the Rex45! There weren’t obvious differences in the microstructure of SPY27 between 2000 and 2050°F, however. The second model to come out with the new SPY27 steel is the Manix 2. level 2. The premium steel boasts some of the best qualities of a good knife steel: it has great edge retention, solid corrosion resistance, and average ease of sharpening. I will be happy with edge performance anywhere in the S30V/Elmax range. The resulting steel is expected to have similar hardness and corrosion resistance to S30V and S35VN. 36 . The composition [3] is as follows: I don’t have any of the steel for analysis, and given it is exclusive to Spyderco I may not be able to get any. The two SPY27 specimens look relatively similar to S30V, and all three are significantly worse than the 420HC. Metallurgy and Testing of Knives and Steel. I have been wanting to see a steel like this made for some time, and it is great to see how it performs. So I was right that the toughness is “at least as good as S35VN” but the “probably better” was a bit too strong. The S30V and 420HC were also austenitized at 1950°F. $329.95. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. $216.00. The blade, which is constructed with high performance CPM-S30V, is fully flat ground, making it a breeze to re-sharpen. from $34.87. It sucks its exclusive to spyderco. I’m so confused about it since I thought CPM154 is very good at toughness aside from its medium edge retention and corrosion resistance. SPY27 – 2050°F. CPM, makes the steel stronger than the SAME steel made using a conventional steel manufacturing process. The SPY refers to Spyderco and 27 is the atomic number of cobalt [2]. At that point very little information was available about the steel other than the composition and that it was produced by Crucible steel. CPM S110V Steel Chemical composition . CPM SPY27 is a steel produced by Crucible exclusively for Spyderco. SPY27 has similar obtainable hardness to S35VN and similar corrosion resistance to S30V. The carbide structure is explored in the next section. 18 . Notify me of follow-up comments by email. I austenitized the steel at different temperatures for 20 minutes and quenched between two 1″ aluminum plates which provides faster cooling rates than holding in air and also helps keeps specimens flat. The composition of the steel along with some other in the same class are shown below. Great breakdown Larrin. Each can reach approximately 64 Rc though are generally tempered down to the 58-61 Rc range depending on the manufacturer and heat treatment. Qty. Here are some experimental results of different steels for CATRA slicing edge retention to get a feel for where SPY27 may sit: Toughness of steel can be difficult to predict based only on composition or carbide content. It is always interesting to see what the numbers predict and it will be cool to see how they play out once you get some to do some real in hand testing. The two steels aren’t related really. I performed two heat treatments with SPY27, one austenitizing at 1950°F and another at 2050°F. The CPM154 was marked at the point somewhere around 20 ft-lbs in your previous chart but now at 5-10 ft-lbs only? I have previously performed corrosion resistance experiments and related it to predicted chromium and other alloying elements “in solution,” as you can read here. These higher transverse toughness results indicate that CPM S30V is much Niobium carbides have also been found to help refine the microstructure of steel. Had a couple scratches on blade and a couple on handle. I don’t have a good quantitative test for finishing or sharpening and I have not yet performed any edge retention experiments. There is a powder form, CPM-D2, ... Crucible intends SPY27 to be good all-around knife steel. Do a through test on 420 hc buck basic cryo hardened steel at there treatment level …corrosion,hardness .edge retention .most people need 420hc cryo because average people can’t sharpen good thanks, Your email address will not be published. However, you can still see my predictions in that previous article.
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